Religion and Ethics Forum

General Category => Politics & Current Affairs => Topic started by: Hope on January 22, 2016, 08:32:57 PM

Title: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Hope on January 22, 2016, 08:32:57 PM
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-35385227

Any thoughts?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 23, 2016, 08:45:39 AM
It seems odd to punish a man who has been acquitted. Furthermore, it seems like an invasion of privacy for any woman involved.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Rhiannon on January 23, 2016, 09:18:04 AM
I'm not comfortable with this either. We have to assume the police think this man is likely to rape, but rapists do so regardless of the law anyway, so this is unlikely to stop anyone from committing rape. We are therefore left with this being a punishment as Jeremy says, and punishing someone who has been found not guilty goes against a good deal of the principles that should be enshrined in our legal process.

And it is a kind of punishment for any woman he has sex with as well. But then how is the law going to prove that he had had sex that he hasn't given notice of if the woman involved chooses to deny it? Surely they couldn't subject his partner to forensic examination. So this is going to be largely unenforceable anyway.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Humph Warden Bennett on January 23, 2016, 09:27:23 AM
I confess that I did not know such orders existed. Whilst I can kinda sorta justa see the point in such an order being part of a bail condition, the man is not on bail. Is he not allowed to attend a hearing and object to the same?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Leonard James on January 23, 2016, 12:03:46 PM
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-35385227

Any thoughts?

Far more sensible to keep him injected with a sex inhibitor for a couple of years.  :)
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 23, 2016, 01:20:55 PM
Far more sensible to keep him injected with a sex inhibitor for a couple of years.  :)
Why? He was found not guilty. Why punish him?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Brownie on January 23, 2016, 02:04:47 PM
In principle, this is wrong, very wrong;  if a person is found "Not guilty" in a court of law, they should be able to leave the case behind them with no strings attached.  It does, however, sound as though the police strongly believed the man to be guilty but there was not enough evidence.  I've not heard of anything like this before and can't imagine how it will pan out.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Leonard James on January 23, 2016, 08:32:20 PM
Why? He was found not guilty. Why punish him?

If they felt he needed surveillance for a while they couldn't have considered him entirely innocent.

It's quite sensible to take measures to prevent an accident before it occurs.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 23, 2016, 08:41:45 PM
If they felt he needed surveillance for a while they couldn't have considered him entirely innocent.

In the UK we have a system in which guilt or innocence is decided in a court of law, not by the police.

Quote
It's quite sensible to take measures to prevent an accident before it occurs.

By punishing an innocent man and invading the privacy of his partner(s)?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Hope on January 23, 2016, 09:18:29 PM
In the UK we have a system in which guilt or innocence is decided in a court of law, not by the police.
And this order was imposed by the courts, not by the police.  It may have been instigated by the police - and they may have cause to have done so.  For instance, the alleged victim may have provided evidence that was insufficient for a 'guilty' finding but strong enough for what I believe is called a 'not proven' finding in Scotland.  I am aware that we don't have that option south of the border, but I don't know whether a judge has the power to imply/suggest that in a court in England or Wales.

As for information regarding any potential partner, if there is that doubt, isn't this more for that woman's protection?  It is a very fine dividing line.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: BeRational on January 23, 2016, 11:32:01 PM
In the UK we have a system in which guilt or innocence is decided in a court of law, not by the police.

By punishing an innocent man and invading the privacy of his partner(s)?

I don't think that's quite right.
Innocence is never declared, just guilty or not guilty.
The jury does not find the accused innocent.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Brownie on January 26, 2016, 05:17:30 AM
You're right BeRational, "Not guilty" does not necessarily mean innocent, it means there is insufficient evidence to find someone guilty.

I doubt such a measure would have been put in place if the law (courts and cops) believed in this man's innocence;  still it doesn't seem quite right and I cannot imagine how his activities are going to be monitored.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Hope on January 26, 2016, 08:26:51 AM
I don't think that's quite right.
Innocence is never declared, just guilty or not guilty.
The jury does not find the accused innocent.
Is there any reason why the Scots have availed themselves of an official verdict that highlights this uncertainty, but the English (and Welsh) haven't?  It would also be interesting to know whether - under their old legal framework that was superceded by the English framework - the Welsh ever had anything comparable.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 26, 2016, 07:03:13 PM
You're right BeRational, "Not guilty" does not necessarily mean innocent, it means there is insufficient evidence to find someone guilty.

I doubt such a measure would have been put in place if the law (courts and cops) believed in this man's innocence;  still it doesn't seem quite right and I cannot imagine how his activities are going to be monitored.

Does a jury trial mean nothing these days then? This man was found not guilty of the charges brought. He is therefore innocent in the eyes of the law and should not be punished. It's that simple.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: L.A. on January 26, 2016, 07:37:18 PM
It's a completely bizarre ruling. If he has been found Not Guilty, then how can he legally be punished and what could be the sanction if he breaks the order? If the police have evidence that he is a danger to women, then why can't they get sufficient evidence to convict him (of maybe they are too busy breaking into peoples homes)
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 26, 2016, 09:36:39 PM
Presumably the court ordering/extending the sexual risk order is not the same court where he was found not guilty of the rape,

Surely the two cases must be considered separately. Innocent or not in a particular case does not mean that the man can or cannot be considered a risk to other women.

Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 27, 2016, 01:54:04 AM

Surely the two cases must be considered separately. Innocent or not in a particular case does not mean that the man can or cannot be considered a risk to other women.

But he has committed no crime. Why is he being punished?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Leonard James on January 27, 2016, 05:44:21 AM
But he has committed no crime. Why is he being punished?

We don't know that he committed no crime, all we know is that there was insufficient evidence to convince the jury.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: L.A. on January 27, 2016, 07:33:09 AM
Presumably the court ordering/extending the sexual risk order is not the same court where he was found not guilty of the rape,

Surely the two cases must be considered separately. Innocent or not in a particular case does not mean that the man can or cannot be considered a risk to other women.

Maybe that is the case, but I find it disturbing that restrictions can be placed on the freedom of an individual without the evidence that could have been used used to obtain a conviction. If we have a system where a person's freedom can be curtailed without due process then we are going down a very dangerous road.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 27, 2016, 10:07:41 AM
Well, that is the case. We have laws that allow the imposition of orders whether or not a crime has been committed. It is not a punishment for any crime, but applicable when a court feels there is a risk of unacceptable* future behaviour.

This is the whole principle behind ASBOs and these sexual risk orders - outcomes of the democratic process. Of-course, even though no law was broken, not complying with the order imposed IS against the law and punishable in the usual ways.

* Note: not necessarily illegal behaviour. The "naked rambler" has been jailed frequently although his naked activities are themselves perfectly legal.   
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: floo on January 27, 2016, 10:28:16 AM
Well, that is the case. We have laws that allow the imposition of orders whether or not a crime has been committed. It is not a punishment for any crime, but applicable when a court feels there is a risk of unacceptable* future behaviour.

This is the whole principle behind ASBOs and these sexual risk orders - outcomes of the democratic process. Of-course, even though no law was broken, not complying with the order imposed IS against the law and punishable in the usual ways.

* Note: not necessarily illegal behaviour. The "naked rambler" has been jailed frequently although his naked activities are themselves perfectly legal.

Strolling around naked in public is not legal in the UK.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: L.A. on January 27, 2016, 10:40:05 AM
Well, that is the case. We have laws that allow the imposition of orders whether or not a crime has been committed. It is not a punishment for any crime, but applicable when a court feels there is a risk of unacceptable* future behaviour.

This is the whole principle behind ASBOs and these sexual risk orders - outcomes of the democratic process. Of-course, even though no law was broken, not complying with the order imposed IS against the law and punishable in the usual ways.

* Note: not necessarily illegal behaviour. The "naked rambler" has been jailed frequently although his naked activities are themselves perfectly legal.

Personally, I think there is something very wrong if our laws punish people when no crime has been committed. ASBOs are a bit of a lazy option because minor crimes usually have been committed but no one wants to be bothered with a proper prosecution. (in times gone-by the Stocks would have been used)
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Gonnagle on January 27, 2016, 11:46:47 AM
Dear L.A,

L.A eh! boy am I slow :P I was about to reply to another of your post and then I thought, L.A, who is this L.A ::) ::)

Gonnagle.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Outrider on January 27, 2016, 11:50:22 AM
If they felt he needed surveillance for a while they couldn't have considered him entirely innocent.

It's quite sensible to take measures to prevent an accident before it occurs.

Except that it's not their place to decide if he's guilty or innocent, that's for the courts to decide. And they did.

Don't misunderstand, I think that if they've taken the steps of introducing this order then they (probably) have good reason, but those reasons should be put in public in principle, and the courts given their say on them.

O.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 27, 2016, 12:05:07 PM
The police applied for the order, which was imposed as an interim measure by a magistrates court in North Yorkshire, and has now been extended by magistrates in York. The person involved cannot be named for legal reasons.

Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 27, 2016, 12:22:31 PM
We don't know that he committed no crime,
What do you think "acquittal" means?

Quote
all we know is that there was insufficient evidence to convince the jury.
He is therefore innocent in the eyes of the law and should not be punished.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 27, 2016, 12:47:53 PM
As explained previously - the law allows courts to impose these orders whether or not a criminal act has been committed, based on an assessment of future risks.

This was introduced by the "Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014" as an amendment to the "Sexual Offences Act 2003" - which allowed similar orders to be made - but only after conviction or caution.



Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 27, 2016, 01:15:44 PM
As explained previously - the law allows courts to impose these orders whether or not a criminal act has been committed, based on an assessment of future risks.

Ah, so we are in the department of pre-crime. That always ends well.

Quote
This was introduced by the "Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014" as an amendment to the "Sexual Offences Act 2003" - which allowed similar orders to be made - but only after conviction or caution.

But do you think it is right that a man not found guilty of any crime can be punished?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Shaker on January 27, 2016, 01:16:50 PM
Ah, so we are in the department of pre-crime. That always ends well.
Sounds like science fiction to me ... *cough*
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 27, 2016, 01:46:05 PM
Ah, so we are in the department of pre-crime. That always ends well.

But do you think it is right that a man not found guilty of any crime can be punished?

I don't think people should be punished, pre-crime. However it seems reasonable to allow the courts to consider the risks of someone committing serious assaults in the near future and impose orders that could help prevent them.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 27, 2016, 01:47:27 PM
I don't think people should be punished, pre-crime. However it seems reasonable to allow the courts to consider the risks of someone committing serious assaults in the near future and impose orders that could help prevent them.

It isn't reasonable to convict people of crimes they haven't committed.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Bubbles on January 27, 2016, 01:58:08 PM
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-35385227

Any thoughts?

Yes.

I would have thought any woman named like that could challenge the court that her human rights had been breached.

https://www.liberty-human-rights.org.uk/human-rights/what-are-human-rights/human-rights-act/article-8-right-private-and-family-life

If the case where parents were spyed on by a council for invading their privacy, I definately think any woman named in such a fashion would most definately be a breach of her right to privacy. ( see in the article further down)

Having sex is a very private and personal thing.

It's almost like treating a woman as if she was a whore!  >:(

Talk about name and shame

 >:(

Very degrading, for any woman.

What bunch of unthinking muppets thought of that one?  >:(
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: jeremyp on January 27, 2016, 02:11:45 PM
Rose and I agree about something....
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 27, 2016, 02:34:48 PM
.. But of-course there is no law that anyone planning to have sex with someone (say person b) cannot go around disclosing their intention and b's name address age etc to whoever they like.

Also, how would a woman feel if raped by a man who had recently been acquitted of a similar crime and the police had made no effort to prevent this, even if the acquittal were on a technicality?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: L.A. on January 27, 2016, 02:37:22 PM
As explained previously - the law allows courts to impose these orders whether or not a criminal act has been committed, based on an assessment of future risks.

. . .

But this does seem to be contrary to natural justice and the fact the many of the facts are being concealed from the public does not inspire confidence.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Rhiannon on January 27, 2016, 02:42:37 PM
I suspect that given the low conviction rate these orders could end up being used instead of a proper trial by jury. Everyone should be concerned about this because anyone can be falsely accused, and not just by disgruntled women.

Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Rhiannon on January 27, 2016, 02:46:58 PM
And can anyone explain how this prevents rape?
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Udayana on January 27, 2016, 02:49:13 PM
But this does seem to be contrary to natural justice and the fact the many of the facts are being concealed from the public does not inspire confidence.
Yes, obviously there is potential for misuse. I assume there are suitable checks, balances, appeals, reviews etc built into the system - although I don't know that there are.

Reminiscent of the terrorism control orders that were eventually found to breech the human rights of the suspected terrorists. Also of some family court issues.

Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Outrider on January 27, 2016, 02:51:34 PM
And can anyone explain how this prevents rape?

Let's say that the authorities think Bob is a potential rapist. Rape convictions are difficult to achieve, because many rapists fall back on the 'it was consensual' defence, which is difficult to disprove beyond reasonable doubt.

If they have this order against them they don't need to be convicted of rape to be imprisoned, they can be prosecuted for breaking the court order which doesn't care if the sex they have is consensual or not - just having sex at all without pre-warning the authorities is a criminal offences.

It's a way to get rapists off the street, to improve conviction rates for sexual offences (by lowering the threshold considerably) - it's only going to prevent rapes in those instances where the individual is self-aware enough to realise how vulnerable to imprisonment they are in the event of an accusation.

O.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: L.A. on January 27, 2016, 03:01:17 PM
Yes, obviously there is potential for misuse. I assume there are suitable checks, balances, appeals, reviews etc built into the system - although I don't know that there are.

Reminiscent of the terrorism control orders that were eventually found to breech the human rights of the suspected terrorists. Also of some family court issues.

Any form of detention or restrictions on movement or activities without due process are a cause for concern; we always used to condemn states that did such things!
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: Rhiannon on January 27, 2016, 03:05:27 PM
Let's say that the authorities think Bob is a potential rapist. Rape convictions are difficult to achieve, because many rapists fall back on the 'it was consensual' defence, which is difficult to disprove beyond reasonable doubt.

If they have this order against them they don't need to be convicted of rape to be imprisoned, they can be prosecuted for breaking the court order which doesn't care if the sex they have is consensual or not - just having sex at all without pre-warning the authorities is a criminal offences.

It's a way to get rapists off the street, to improve conviction rates for sexual offences (by lowering the threshold considerably) - it's only going to prevent rapes in those instances where the individual is self-aware enough to realise how vulnerable to imprisonment they are in the event of an accusation.

O.

Exactly as I understood it too. I'm not convinced it's going to be that effective but I am concerned about it becoming the tool of choice by the authorities when dealing with rape accusations.
Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: BeRational on January 27, 2016, 03:15:00 PM
Does a jury trial mean nothing these days then? This man was found not guilty of the charges brought. He is therefore innocent in the eyes of the law and should not be punished. It's that simple.

I agree to a point.

The point is that the trial addresses ONE question. Guilty or Not guilty.

Title: Re: Sexual Risk Orders
Post by: L.A. on January 27, 2016, 04:00:57 PM
I agree to a point.

The point is that the trial addresses ONE question. Guilty or Not guilty.

But that really is the essence of our justice system and if you start punishing people because of what you think they might be capable of doing - you are on-track for a system that embraces political prisoners and mental asylums for anyone who embarrasses the government.