Can you define discernment in biological terms?
Discernment is the ability of showing good judgement according to the dictionary. Hence discernment involves such things as the ability to perceive actual differences, to be able to discriminate and the ability to be as objective as possible when making judgements about people and things. It also seems to be tied up with the power to absorb knowledge and experiences and to show some understanding of what is being assessed. All these various abilities seem to be located within the neural functioning of our brains. And, of course, we are not the only animal which shows this ability. What we can say with some confidence is that when a person dies, their ability to discern dies with them, a fact which suggests very strongly, that discernment is biological.
What is responsible for driving the discerning process?
The brain. Discernment seems to provide an extremely useful evolutionary function, especially in social species such as ours.
Can the process of discernment be driven by unavoidable reactions?
Of course! Why not?
How does the discernment become validated outside the present state of conscious?
It depends on how one looks at decision making as to whether it is a product of the conscious, the subconscious or a mix of the two. By 'present' I assume you mean the immediate past. Discernment might be looked upon as decision making, There are various suggestions as to how this takes place. My own assessment(which could well change in the light of new evidence) would be that our consciousness is supplying the data which is being assessed by our subconscious. Hence, it is often said that discernment seems to have an intuitive element.
Now, you might not like these answers, but at least I have tried honestly to respond to your questions even though they weren't directed at me.
I have asked you several questions recently:
1) On April 5th(on the 'God and Suffering' thread):
So, what are the determining factors within the 'human soul' which would produce the inevitable reactions of the human will in making its decisions and choices?
2) On Feb 23rd(on this thread):
How do we make decisions? Never mind the 'opportunity', what about the process?
3) On Feb 19th(on this thread):
However let's take your first premise, which was that we have the reality of our own freedom to consciously contemplate and think about the source of our own thought processes.
Could you please lay out the logical steps from this premise, such that it leads to a conclusion that you wish to make?
None of which you have addressed at all.
In my book that's called hypocrisy, Alan!