AB,
It would appear that what you believe about the workings of our conscious mind is somewhat different to what I believe.
Yes, because what I believe relies on reason and evidence and what you believe rejects that reason and evidence out of hand and relies on blind faith instead.
How do we arrive at these beliefs?
See above.
What comprises belief?
?
Belief is that which we consider most likely to be true.
In my case, I am aware of many things in my conscious awareness, and in order to make sense of what I perceive I consciously contemplate whatever data exists in my mind by manipulating my conscious thoughts in order to reach conclusions which I consciously verify and test using my ability to think things out.
We all do that. Your mistake though is to assume the experience of these things requires a separate “I” somehow not governed by rules of physics or even of logic rather than a single, integrated unit we call “mind”.
I know that's hopeless because your model is logically impossible, and I know your attempted solution that that – ie, a magic god functioning outwith time, logic and anything else we understand about the universe – to be the avoidance of an answer. It’s just incoherent. White noise. Not
even wrong.
However you, Blue, apparently have a different approach.
Whatever you experience in you conscious awareness has just emerged as a property of material reactions.
Your apparent control of your thought is "just the way it seems" because such control cannot exist because you have no controller.
So the concept of belief will have just somehow popped into your conscious awareness without any consciously controlled verification.
No doubt you will correct me if I am wrong.
I have done – many times in fact but as you will never engage with the corrections you’re given it’s a fool’s errand.