Why would me giving these primitive people
For one thing, 'these primitive people' had no less complex social structures as we have today and they understood a number of natural situations at leastr as well as we do. They weren't primitive; they were just less reliant on technology. Technology doesn't make a society more advanced in the widest sense of the word - in fact, in some ways, it makes a society less advanced (how many children of the 1st Century AD would have believed that an egg came from a box or that milk came from a factory?
...the benefit of a greater understanding of how the universe works turn them into robots.
Is a knowledge of how the universe works the most important aspect of human life? I doubt it. By making out that it is, you divorce society from the more important things - like relationships with other human beings and turn humanity into spoon-fed robots who don't think things through.
I would love a time traveller from the future to come and write a book detailing things known in the future. It would not make us robots but could be a great help.
I doubt it would help us in any way at all. After all, if we were to discover something by this means that hadn't been discovered for another 300 years in reality, what would that do to the future?
Do you accept the bible has no one information in it that was not already known at the time?
No, I don't. The Bible is a progression of new concepts and ideas steadily building on existing understanding.