A lot of neuroscience research deals with aspects of cognition, and I'm not sure that consciousness itself comes into the picture. Various cognitive tasks such as memory and learning can be delineated, without going into the 'hard problem'.
But I agree that just talking about consciousness is too vague, although I suppose in philosophy there is a tradition of asking where consciousness comes from, with people like Goldilocks, (David Chalmers). He asks the question, 'why should physical processing give rise to a rich inner life at all?'. I think others such as Dennett think this is the wrong question!
The 'mysterians' such as Colin McGinn, argue that it will never be explained, hence 'mysterians'.
Chalmers:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhRhtFFhNzQ; McGinn:
http://www.newstatesman.com/ideas/2012/02/consciousness-mind-brainDennett: 'Consciousness explained', (book), jokingly referred to as 'Consciousness explained away'.