Author Topic: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?  (Read 136082 times)

Humph Warden Bennett

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #700 on: February 15, 2018, 01:22:00 PM »
I think you are nearly 30 years out. Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews was written in about 94 CE, not 69.

But beyond that, I'm not sure what point you are making.

Floo seemed to be implying that there is a school of thought that Josephus did not exist.

bluehillside Retd.

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #701 on: February 15, 2018, 01:39:52 PM »
Humph,

Quote
Floo seemed to be implying that there is a school of thought that Josephus did not exist.

But your, "Why would he make up something like that?" is addressing a different issue. Whether he made it up or not doesn't matter much - either way, it tells you nothing about claims of Jesus the man/god rather than just the man. 
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floo

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #702 on: February 15, 2018, 02:00:37 PM »
Floo seemed to be implying that there is a school of thought that Josephus did not exist.

He existed, but what he was supposed to have written was apparently open to question.

Humph Warden Bennett

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #703 on: February 15, 2018, 02:58:06 PM »
He existed, but what he was supposed to have written was apparently open to question.

I think it fair to say that a majority opinion would be that the reference in Josephus' writing to Jesus being the Messiah have been largely amended by later Christian writers, since a Romanised Jew was unlikely to have been a Christian. The references to James "The Just" however, are usually considered to be genuine since medieval Christians did their best to expunge any idea that Jesus was a Jew, and that they would be highly unlikely to have introduced such a reference. Hope that clears it up.

Humph Warden Bennett

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #704 on: February 15, 2018, 02:59:35 PM »
Humph,

But your, "Why would he make up something like that?" is addressing a different issue. Whether he made it up or not doesn't matter much - either way, it tells you nothing about claims of Jesus the man/god rather than just the man.

Please see above reply to LR :-)

Dicky Underpants

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #705 on: February 15, 2018, 04:26:49 PM »
He existed, but what he was supposed to have written was apparently open to question.

One of his two references to Jesus is regarded as highly suspect, as HWB has alluded to. This is the one where he refers to Jesus as the Messiah. It looks like an entirely arbitrary interpolation in the narrative, and one which Josephus (judging by his uncomplimentary comments about other 'Messiahs') is unlikely to have made. Later Christian scribes are suspected of making the interpolation.
Apart from that, his writings are as reliable/unreliable as any other prominent historian of the period, and probably rather better than most.
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Dicky Underpants

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #706 on: February 15, 2018, 04:45:28 PM »
Hi again Dicky,

I find this curious. Person A has an experience, reaches for the holy texts that happen to be most proximate to him and decides that they must provide the explanation for it. Person B has just as profound an experience, reaches for the holy texts that happen to be most proximate to him and decides that they must provide the explanation for it. Person C etc...

Rarely though does it occur to any of them that's it's an astonishing co-incidence that the very texts most available at the time and place they happen to live must be the right ones, whereas those most available to people in different times and places cannot be. Doubtless had Vladdo been a 17th c Polynesian islander for example he'd be telling us just as earnestly that he'd had an experience of the local volcano god (while relying to boot on equally desperate arguments and evasions to support him).           

Hi blue
Sorry, but I don't get near a computer very often these days.
It is as you say (including your references to crude ad populum arguments in your previous post).
The cultural background of various 'mystical' experiences seems to be of prime importance. There are various claims made by evangelical groups that such and such an individual in the Amazon jungle etc. had an experience of Jesus before any missionaries got there, and only realised that this was an experience of the Christian god after the missionaries arrived and explained it to him/her. However, the evidence for this seems to be purely anecdotal, and filtered through the extremely biased narrative procedures of the evangelical Christians themselves. Even so, such experiences seem to be few, and one would have thought that if the Christian god were the true creator of all existence, he might have found a more consistent and fool-proof method of communicating his eternal truths to the whole of humanity than these hit and miss methods.
As you imply, the experiences of the divine seem to involve a lot of cherry-picking when it comes to finding correlations with the holy texts themselves. People seem to find the Jesus their they want to find, and pass lightly over the texts that don't agree with their revelations. You-know-who seems not to have much time for the purely Jewish Jesus revealed there, and passes straight on to the divine Jesus of the later 'high Christology' of John. Old freeminer seemed to claim an experience that convinced him that the whole of the Bible in every particular was true - though what mental gymnastics he had to perform to achieve this don't bear thinking about.
And of course, as William James' 'Varieties of Religious Experience' has shown, the nature of the very experiences themselves vary enormously in any case.
« Last Edit: February 15, 2018, 04:48:54 PM by Dicky Underpants »
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bluehillside Retd.

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #707 on: February 15, 2018, 05:14:54 PM »
Hi again Dicky,

Quote
Sorry, but I don't get near a computer very often these days.
It is as you say (including your references to crude ad populum arguments in your previous post).
The cultural background of various 'mystical' experiences seems to be of prime importance. There are various claims made by evangelical groups that such and such an individual in the Amazon jungle etc. had an experience of Jesus before any missionaries got there, and only realised that this was an experience of the Christian god after the missionaries arrived and explained it to him/her. However, the evidence for this seems to be purely anecdotal, and filtered through the extremely biased narrative procedures of the evangelical Christians themselves. Even so, such experiences seem to be few, and one would have thought that if the Christian god were the true creator of all existence, he might have found a more consistent and fool-proof method of communicating his eternal truths to the whole of humanity than these hit and miss methods.

As you imply, the experiences of the divine seem to involve a lot of cherry-picking when it comes to finding correlations with the holy texts themselves. People seem to find the Jesus their they want to find, and pass lightly over the texts that don't agree with their revelations. You-know-who seems not to have much time for the purely Jewish Jesus revealed there, and passes straight on to the divine Jesus of the later 'high Christology' of John. Old freeminer seemed to claim an experience that convinced him that the whole of the Bible in every particular was true - though what mental gymnastics he had to perform to achieve this don't bear thinking about.
And of course, as William James' 'Varieties of Religious Experience' has shown, the nature of the very experiences themselves vary enormously in any case.

No worries, and thanks for the detailed reply. Yes, culturally-derived causal explanations seem to be essential to faith beliefs. You simply don’t find the Amazonian tribesman (or whoever) who independently has the Christian narrative, and nor for that matter do you find the Christian who’s independently been contacted by the gods of the Amazonian. Funny that.

I hadn’t heard of that, “an individual in the Amazon jungle etc. had an experience of Jesus before any missionaries got there, and only realised that this was an experience of the Christian god after the missionaries arrived and explained it to him/her” before but it’s just priceless. Such arrogance (does it work the other way around too?), such idiocy (“we gave him the right answer, then he agreed with us”). Good grief!

It’d be interesting if a Christian here could tell us whether the remarkable co-incidence of the narrative most proximate to when and where he happens to live also being the right one (and the countless others being the wrong ones therefore) even gives her or him pause, but I don’t suppose any will. “He-whose-behaviour-cannot-be-named” certainly won’t, as I know from long experience.

As for cherry-picking, well yes. Essentially people get the gods they most resemble. Sweet little old lady? Jesus meek and mild all the way; nasty piece of work? That’ll be the vengeful god who “hates faggots” etc. I wonder if there’s a word for that, or for that matter whether anyone has ever believed in a god whose character is fundamentally different from his own?

Of course there are intelligent and nuanced Christians too (Wiggs talks occasionally about the signs and symbols of “God” for example, though I don’t really know what this means, and nor will he tell us) whose theology I’d genuinely like to hear about it, but most of the stuff here seems pretty crude to me.               
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ProfessorDavey

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #708 on: February 15, 2018, 05:22:47 PM »
Floo seemed to be implying that there is a school of thought that Josephus did not exist.
I don't think that is what she was implying at all.

I think she was implying that there are question marks about the authenticity of Josephus' writing as we see it now. And that is correct. There is a lot of scholarly opinion indicating that elements of his writing, and in particular the writing about Jesus, may have been altered by later hands. There is a broad consensus that the wording in Testimonium Flavianum appearing to corroborate the resurrection isn't authentic and was added much later, probably as late as 4thC.

floo

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #709 on: February 15, 2018, 05:24:34 PM »
I don't think that is what she was implying at all.

I think she was implying that there are question marks about the authenticity of Josephus' writing as we see it now. And that is correct. There is a lot of scholarly opinion indicating that elements of his writing, and in particular the writing about Jesus, may have been altered by later hands. There is a broad consensus that the wording in Testimonium Flavianum appearing to corroborate the resurrection isn't authentic and was added much later, probably as late as 4thC.

That is what I was saying.

wigginhall

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #710 on: February 15, 2018, 05:30:38 PM »
blue wrote:

Quote
Of course there are intelligent and nuanced Christians too (Wiggs talks occasionally about the signs and symbols of “God” for example, though I don’t really know what this means, and nor will he tell us) whose theology I’d genuinely like to hear about it, but most of the stuff here seems pretty crude to me.   

Hi blue, it's unlikely that I'll be telling you any time soon, as I haven't counted myself a Christian for several years now.  It's a long story ...
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ProfessorDavey

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #711 on: February 15, 2018, 05:31:26 PM »
I think it fair to say that a majority opinion would be that the reference in Josephus' writing to Jesus being the Messiah have been largely amended by later Christian writers, since a Romanised Jew was unlikely to have been a Christian. The references to James "The Just" however, are usually considered to be genuine since medieval Christians did their best to expunge any idea that Jesus was a Jew, and that they would be highly unlikely to have introduced such a reference. Hope that clears it up.
True - see my earlier comment.

But the passage about James tells us effectively nothing about Jesus, except he was the brother of a person stoned to death. The only other element in the text 'who was called Christ' has also been robustly challenged by scholars as being a later interpolation into the original text.


floo

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #712 on: February 15, 2018, 05:33:05 PM »
blue wrote:

Hi blue, it's unlikely that I'll be telling you any time soon, as I haven't counted myself a Christian for several years now.  It's a long story ...

Certainly one I would be interested in hearing if you would like to share it.

Walt Zingmatilder

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #713 on: February 15, 2018, 05:40:15 PM »
Hi again Dicky,

No worries, and thanks for the detailed reply. Yes, culturally-derived causal explanations seem to be essential to faith beliefs. You simply don’t find the Amazonian tribesman (or whoever) who independently has the Christian narrative, and nor for that matter do you find the Christian who’s independently been contacted by the gods of the Amazonian. Funny that.

I hadn’t heard of that, “an individual in the Amazon jungle etc. had an experience of Jesus before any missionaries got there, and only realised that this was an experience of the Christian god after the missionaries arrived and explained it to him/her” before but it’s just priceless. Such arrogance (does it work the other way around too?), such idiocy (“we gave him the right answer, then he agreed with us”). Good grief!

It’d be interesting if a Christian here could tell us whether the remarkable co-incidence of the narrative most proximate to when and where he happens to live also being the right one (and the countless others being the wrong ones therefore) even gives her or him pause, but I don’t suppose any will. “He-whose-behaviour-cannot-be-named” certainly won’t, as I know from long experience.

As for cherry-picking, well yes. Essentially people get the gods they most resemble. Sweet little old lady? Jesus meek and mild all the way; nasty piece of work? That’ll be the vengeful god who “hates faggots” etc. I wonder if there’s a word for that, or for that matter whether anyone has ever believed in a god whose character is fundamentally different from his own?

Of course there are intelligent and nuanced Christians too (Wiggs talks occasionally about the signs and symbols of “God” for example, though I don’t really know what this means, and nor will he tell us) whose theology I’d genuinely like to hear about it, but most of the stuff here seems pretty crude to me.             
Cod Christianity
Cod Amazonian religion.

Christianity is wrong because it is the culture.... but apatheism is right because it is the culture?
These are world religions.
What is particularly English about a Jewish.rabbi dying and being raised from the dead?
Was it not Paxman who observed that the English were never religious in any meaningful way.
« Last Edit: February 15, 2018, 06:12:30 PM by Private Frazer »

bluehillside Retd.

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #714 on: February 15, 2018, 05:44:07 PM »
Hi Wiggs,

Quote
Hi blue, it's unlikely that I'll be telling you any time soon, as I haven't counted myself a Christian for several years now.  It's a long story ...

I was referring to your god rather than to your Christianity, but my apologies for misrepresenting you. I recall (I think) you talking a while back about growing up a Christian in a non-Christian (or non-religious) family, but I hadn't realised you'd since seen the light  ;)

Apologies again.   

PS I do still think of you as intelligent and nuanced though if that's ok...
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ProfessorDavey

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #715 on: February 15, 2018, 10:08:20 PM »
I think it fair to say that a majority opinion would be that the reference in Josephus' writing to Jesus being the Messiah have been largely amended by later Christian writers, since a Romanised Jew was unlikely to have been a Christian. The references to James "The Just" however, are usually considered to be genuine since medieval Christians did their best to expunge any idea that Jesus was a Jew, and that they would be highly unlikely to have introduced such a reference. Hope that clears it up.
The other point to note here is the timing.

Josephus isn't contemporary with Jesus at all, nor really is his writing contemporary with James. He wasn't even born when Jesus is believed to have died. What writing we have was written some 30 years after James' death and some 60 years' after Jesus' death.

So let's put that in context. It would be like someone born in 1958 writing today about the death of Roy Kinear (in 1988) and in passing mentioning that he had a brother (who had died in 1954) without giving any more information about this brother.

And that there was no other independent reports about the life and death of this brother.

Would you really find that 'evidence' somehow compelling. Hmm - I suspect not.
« Last Edit: February 15, 2018, 10:17:54 PM by ProfessorDavey »

Humph Warden Bennett

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #716 on: February 16, 2018, 11:18:36 AM »
The other point to note here is the timing.

Josephus isn't contemporary with Jesus at all, nor really is his writing contemporary with James. He wasn't even born when Jesus is believed to have died. What writing we have was written some 30 years after James' death and some 60 years' after Jesus' death.

So let's put that in context. It would be like someone born in 1958 writing today about the death of Roy Kinear (in 1988) and in passing mentioning that he had a brother (who had died in 1954) without giving any more information about this brother.

And that there was no other independent reports about the life and death of this brother.

Would you really find that 'evidence' somehow compelling. Hmm - I suspect not.

You may find it suspect. I do not. I never met my great granduncle, but I have no reason to doubt that he existed.

ProfessorDavey

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #717 on: February 16, 2018, 11:37:10 AM »
You may find it suspect. I do not. I never met my great granduncle, but I have no reason to doubt that he existed.
Who is claiming that Josephus didn't exist. Nor Jesus for that matter.

The independent evidence for Jesus' actual existence is very scarce, and none is contemporary - but the claim that a particular person existed is the very lowest of thresholds. Christians claim things that go way, way beyond the mere existence, and ultimate death of Jesus. Here independent verification is non existent. 

floo

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #718 on: February 16, 2018, 11:51:58 AM »
You may find it suspect. I do not. I never met my great granduncle, but I have no reason to doubt that he existed.

I never claimed Josephus didn't exist, I just said that we can't assume that he wrote what was attributed to him.

ProfessorDavey

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #719 on: February 16, 2018, 12:04:30 PM »
I never claimed Josephus didn't exist, I just said that we can't assume that he wrote what was attributed to him.
Nor, indeed, that even the things he wrote that can confidently be attributed to him are actually true - particularly as he was writing decades after the events he mentions.

Spud

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #720 on: February 17, 2018, 05:37:23 PM »
We were talking about whether Luke was an accurate historian, and Gordon wanted independent evidence from a non-biased historian. I quoted Josephus' reference to the 6,000 Pharisees and Littleroses then said Josephus couldn't be relied upon.

Incidentally, that he tells us the number of them indicates that they had been counted, which hints at some kind of census akin to the one Luke mentions.

jeremyp

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #721 on: February 17, 2018, 09:41:58 PM »
I have no idea why Josephus wrote as he did, or if he actually wrote it at all. Apparently there has been some doubt about that guy.

the doubt is only really cast on the bits he allegedly wrote about Jesus. The rest of it is considered to be reasonably reliable with the usual caveats that he was a player and had a point t of view to push.
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Spud

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #722 on: February 20, 2018, 08:19:45 PM »
An interesting statement from Josephus Antiquities book 10:
Quote
And indeed it so came to pass, that our nation suffered these things under Antiochus Epiphanes, according to Daniel’s vision; and what he wrote many years before they came to pass....So that by the forementioned predictions of Daniel those men seem to me very much to err from the truth, who determine that God exercises no providence over human affairs.
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-10.html

The above quote (if authentic) shows that Josephus believed in predictive prophecy; so we can say that his statement (below) about Jesus' resurrection, could be genuine:
Quote
3. Now there was about this time Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man; for he was a doer of wonderful works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure. He drew over to him both many of the Jews and many of the Gentiles. He was [the] Christ. And when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross,[9] those that loved him at the first did not forsake him; for he appeared to them alive again the third day;[10] as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning him. And the tribe of Christians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day.
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Antiquities_of_the_Jews/Book_XVIII#Chapter_3
« Last Edit: February 20, 2018, 08:25:47 PM by Spud »

Maeght

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #723 on: February 20, 2018, 08:34:41 PM »
How do you work that out?

Spud

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Re: Fine detail in the gospels: made up or not?
« Reply #724 on: February 21, 2018, 04:53:14 PM »
How do you work that out?
Man believes that Daniel 7-12 is predictive prophecy.
Same man writes that the Messiah rose from the dead in fulfillment of prophecy.