If a mask protects other people from my germs, I fail to see how it can fail to protect me from other people's germs. If it forms an effective barrier in one direction, why doesn't it in the other direction?
It theoretically reduces the range of dispersal - once someone else's germs are at the front of your mask, anything you breathe in is only going to one place, but when you breathe out the mask disrupts the air flow, and limits how far your germs spread.
It's a minor effect - there is some degree of capture within the fabic, but not much - but over a large population that minor effect adds up to significant gains in absolute terms, but only a small 'percentage' difference.
O.