Natural Selection is a metaphor because there is no actual selection going on.
To the extent that 'selection' implies a consciousness making a choice, that's exactly correct, that isn't happening. It's a metaphor because you're anthropomorphising natural phenomena.
Darwin thought of Natural Selection as similar to artificial selection, the way a farmer selects for traits in his crops while cross breeding them. He (being an agnostic) probably had the idea of some superior intelligence doing the selection.
The evidence suggests that he distinctly didn't think it was guided by a superior intelligence, and he had great qualms about what it would mean for organised religion. It's reported that he deferred publishing for some considerable time whilst he wrestled with that.
Talking of 'filtering' is nonsense because this automatically implies a set requirement (a sieve of sorts) based on which the Natural Selection takes place.
It doesn't require a set requirement, it merely requires an environment at any given time which gives an advantage to one or more variations over others.
There is actually no set process at all that can be called Natural Selection.
Which is why we have the variety of life that we do, because different pressures at different points favoured different variations (and
crabs).
It is just chance which depends on local environmental conditions.
Yep.
A species could survive very well in one corner of the forest and get eliminated at the other corner depending on the conditions.
Not just could, it has to. If that wasn't the case you wouldn't get the differential selection, you wouldn't get the range, you'd just have one species everywhere because you wouldn't have selection, you'd just have continual adaptation.
It is pure chance and talking about it as though it is a well understood process is incorrect and dishonest.
Probability is a well-established field of mathematics, there is no inherent reason to think that we can't handle chance in science. The process of natural selection is well understood, the process of the initial variation upon which Natural Selection works is, I'd suggest, less well-understood but well documented. That we understand the process does not mean that we necessarily can rebuild the entire history of a species, but we have had some success in identified common elements and using that understanding to develop a reasonably complete tree of life.
Seen along with random variations...the entire process of evolution is just chance.
No, it involves chance elements, but it's a strongly selective process working on variation that comes about by chance. It's like if I shuffle a pack of cards, but then ask you to pick out the red ones - they're in a random order, and if you couldn't look and select then you'd have a 50-50 chance, but with selection you should get to 100%.
Evolution is fact happens through active adaptations of organisms to environments through an internal communication within them, that causes phenotypes to change suitably.
If that's fact how do you explain extinctions? If populations can adapt in advance of environmental pressures, how come so many fail? If that's 'fact' where's your demonstration of the mechanism, and your prediction? How do you explain future information somehow flowing backwards in time to inform variation before it's required?
Now....you guys obviously don't like that idea because it implies some sort of an inner response and intelligence that is anathema to you.
No, we don't like it because it contradicts the evidence we do have, doesn't have evidence to support it, and then begs the question 'where did the guiding intelligence come from'?
O.